As I wrote at the Warnings and Disclaimers section, there is very important to use correct elements regarding to power for resistors, voltage for capacitors and current (wire diameter) for coils.
To help you to chose of correct elements to your projects I decided to prepare simulator with power calculations. This is experimental solutions so please be double vigilant. When you assemble your crossover, examine voltages, currents and temperatures that occur in it to decide if the elements used ensure operational safety.
Simulator calculates maximum power, current and voltage for every used resistor, coil and capacitor respectively for 1V at the input. To use results to your project, you have to calculate appriopriate factor for current and voltage and appriopriate factor for power assuming sinusoidal signal.
For example you have amplifier with RMS power 100W(P) @ 8Ω(Z), you have to calculate voltage:
U = sqrt(P*Z)
U = sqrt(100*8) = 28V
Now U is your factor for current for coils and for voltage for capacitors if max voltage is given for AC.
If max voltage for capacitor is given for DC you should multiply your factor U by 1.41.
In case of coil to determine wire diameter you can use e.g. table from site:
https://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm
taking into consideration "Maximum amps for power transmission".
Factor for power for resistors is:
U^2 = 800
Regarding resistors' heating and the Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (TCR) you can consider to use resistors for higher powers.
Let consider demo example:
| Element | Frequency | 1V | RMS(x28/x800) |
|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | |||
| L1A | 237Hz | 151mA | 4.2A |
| R2A | 1496Hz | 3mW | 2.4W |
| C2A | 178Hz | 1130mV | 31.6V (45.2V) |
| speaker | 224Hz | 155mW | 124W |
| HIGH | |||
| C1A | 2239Hz | 1144mV | 32V (45.8V) |
| L2A | 2661Hz | 32mA | 0.9A |
| R2B | 21135Hz | 45mW | 36W |
| C3A | 4217Hz | 251mV | 7V (10V) |
| RD1 | 21135Hz | 30mW | 24W |
| RD2 | 21135Hz | 9mW | 7.2W |
| speaker | 21135Hz | 52mW | 41.6W |
Please notice two issues:
1) Low speaker has power more than declared for amplifire. It is due to impedance of speaker lower than 8Ω (80% of nominal value is compliant with the standard) and it is also due to voltages' rezonance in crossover circuit.
2) Diameter of coil L1A for LOW section should be at least 15g. I have assumed 16g. Now it is your homework to calculate what amplifire we can use safely in case of demo project?
At the end remember that resistors have to got a space to dissipate heat and you have to use retardant materials in whole loudspeaker.
So now simply have fun! ;)
experimental 2-way Simulators